Harvard University continued to train members of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC)—a Chinese paramilitary group sanctioned by the U.S. in 2020 for its role in the Uyghur genocide—even after the sanctions were imposed. In 2019, XPCC officials took part in a Harvard public health program, and despite later U.S. sanctions against the group, Harvard ran additional trainings in 2023 and 2024, scrubbing XPCC affiliations from public materials. Isaac Stone Fish, the Founder and CEO of Strategy Risks, criticized the university’s actions, calling them “deeply troubling” and emblematic of how elite institutions may prioritize engagement with China over human rights concerns. Legal experts warn Harvard’s continued cooperation could violate federal sanctions and result in significant penalties.